Keputusan PRESIDEN ini mulai berlaku pada tanggal ditetapkan.
Agar setiap orang mengetahuinya, memerintahkan pengundangan Keputusan PRESIDEN ini dengan penempatannya dalam Lembaran Negara Republik INDONESIA.
Ditetapkan di Jakarta
pada tanggal 28 Agustus 1997
PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
ttd.
SOEHARTO Diundangkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 28 Agustus 1997 MENTERI NEGARA SEKRETARIS NEGARA
ttd.
MOERDIONO
LEMBARAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1997 NOMOR 66
PROTOKOL MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA
Pemerintah Brunei Darussalam, Republik INDONESIA, Kerajaan Malaysia, Republik Philipina, republik Singapura, Kerajaan Thailand dan Republik Vietnam, negara-negara anggota dari Perkumpulan Negara-negara Asia Tenggara (ASEAN).
Mengingat Kerangka Kerja Perjanjian Peningkatan Kerjasama ASEAN di bidang ekonomi yang ditandatangani di Singapura, pada tanggal 28 Januari 1992, selanjutnya Perjanjian Peningkatan Kerjasama ASEAN dibidang Ekonomi dirubah melalui protokol yang ditandatangani pada tanggal 15 Desember 1995 di Bangkok.
MENYADARI perlunya memperluas pemahaman Artikel 9 dari Perjanjian untuk memperkuat mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa di kawasan kerjasama ekonomi ASEAN maka :
TELAH DISETUJUI SEBAGAI BERIKUT :
PASAL - 1 Ruang Lingkup dan Permohonan
1. Peraturan dan prosedur Protokol ini akan menerapkan penyelesaian sengketa melalui konsultasi dan mengikuti provisi-provisi dalam Perjanjian baik perjanjian-perjanjian yang tercatat dalam Lampiran 1 dan Perjanjian Ekonomi ASEAN yang akan datang.
2. Peraturan dan prosedur Protokol ini akan menerapkan aturan khusus atau aturan tambahan penyelesaian sengketa yang dicakup dalam Perjanjian. Sejauh ini ada perbedaan antara aturan dan prosedur dalam Protokol dan khusus atau aturan tambahan dan prosedur dalam Perjanjian yang dicakup.
3. Provisi-provisi Protokol tersebut telah mempertimbangkan (tanpa praduga) hak-hak negara-negara anggota mencari fora lain untuk penyelesaian sengketa yang melibatkan negara-negara anggota lain. Suatu negara Anggota yang terlibat dalam sengketa dapat mencari kefora lain pada setiap tahap sebelum Sidang Para Pejabat
Tinggi Ekonomi ASEAN (SEOM) membuat keputusan terhadap laporan panel.
PASAL - 2 Konsultasi
1. Negara-negara anggota mempunyai kesempatan yang cukup memadai untuk konsultasi dengan perwakilannya masing-masing Negara-negara Anggota, dengan terbatas pada beberapa masalah pelaksanaan, interpretasi atau penerapan Perjanjian. Adanya perbedaan, sejauh mungkin, diselesaikan secara damai di antara Negara-negara Anggota.
2. Negara-negara anggota dimungkinkan memperoleh keuntungan baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dibawah Perjanjian yang lemah, atau pencapaian tujuan dari Perjanjian telah terhambat karena kegagalan negara anggota lainnya melaksanakan kewajiban-kewajiban Perjanjian.
3. Jika suatu permintaan konsultasi dibuat, Negara Anggota yang bersangkutan menjawab permintaan tersebut dalam jangka waktu 10 (sepuluh) hari sejak tanggal diterimanya permintaan konsultasi, dan Negara Anggota yang bersangkutan akan berkonsultasi dalam jangka waktu tidak lebih dari 30 (tiga puluh) hari sejak permintaan konsultasi diterima, dengan tujuan akan mencapai pemecahan yang saling memuaskan.
PASAL - 3 Jasa-jasa baik, Konsiliasi atau Mediasi
1. Negara-negara Anggota yang terlibat dalam sengketa setuju penyelesaian sengketanya melalui jasa-jasa baik, konsiliasi atau mediasi. Mereka dapat memulainya kapan saja dan diselesaikannya kapan saja. Bila prosedur yang dipilih melalui jasa-jasa baik, maka konsiliasi atau mediasi berakhir (tidak dilakukan) selanjutnya kelompok yang bermasalah dapat meneruskan masalahnya kepada SEOM.
2. Apabila kelompok yang bersengketa setuju, maka prosedur jasa-jasa baik, konsiliasi atau mediasi boleh diteruskan sementara sengketa berlanjut.
PASAL - 4 Sidang Para Pejabat Tinggi Ekonomi (SEOM)
1. Apabila konsultasi gagal menyelesaikan sengketa dalam jangka waktu enam puluh
(60) hari sejak diterimanya tanggal permintaan untuk konsultasi, maka masalah sengketa tersebut dapat diteruskan ke SEOM.
2. Selanjutnya SEOM akan :
(a) membentuk panel; atau
(b) apabila memungkinkan, membawa masalah tersebut ke badan khusus yang pertimbangannya menggunakan aturan dan prosedur khusus atau tambahan.
3. meskipun demikian, disamping Artikel 4 paragraph 2, pada khusus tertentu SEOM dapat mempertimbangkan untuk menyelesaikan sengketa secara damai tanpa membentuk Panel.
Langkah ini dapat diambil tanpa perpanjangan periode tiga puluh (30) hari seperti yang tercantum dalam Artikel 5 paragraph 2.
PASAL - 5 Pembentukan Panel
1. Fungsi Panel adalah untuk membuat pengkajian yang objektif sebelum terjadi sengketa, yang mencakup pengujian bukti/fakta dari kasus tersebut, fakta dapat dibuktikan dan sesuai dengan Perjanjian atau perjanjian lainnya, dan Panel dapat membuat penemuan-penemuan lainnya sehingga hal-hal tersebut akan membantu SEOM dalam membuat keputusannya.
2. SEOM dapat membentuk panel tidak lebih dari tiga puluh (30) hari setelah tanggal masalah sengketa dimunculkan.
3. SEOM dapat membuat penilaian akhir mengenai jumlah, komposisi dan kerangka acuan panel.
PASAL - 6 Fungsi Panel
1. Panel, seperti yang dikemukakan dalam Lampiran 2, mengatur prosedurnya sendiri dalam kaitannya dengan hak-hak kelompok yang bersengketa untuk didengarkan dan dibahas secara mendalam.
2. Panel dapat mengajukan penemuannya ke SEOM dalam jangka waktu enam puluh
(60) hari sejak pembentukannya. Dalam kasus luar biasa, Panel dapat menambah sepuluh (10) hari untuk mengajukan penemuannya ke SEOM. Dalam periode waktu ini, Panel dapat mempunyai kesempatan yang memadai untuk meninjau laporan kelompok yang bersengketa sebelum disampaikan ke SEOM.
3. Panel berhak untuk mencari informasi dan saran teknis dari perseorangan atau badan yang dianggap tepat. Suatu negara anggota hendaknya menanggapi secara serius setiap permintaan beberapa informasi oleh panel apabila panel mempertimbangkannya perlu dan tepat.
4. Pembahasan-pembahasan Panel bersifat rahasia. Laporan Panel dapat dikonsep tanpa kehadiran kelompok bersengketa dan dikonsep berdasarkan informasi dan pernyataan yang tersedia,
PASAL - 7
Hasil Perlakuan Panel
SEOM akan mempertimbangkan laporan panel dan membuat keputusan tentang sengketa tersebut dalam jangka waktu tiga puluh (30) hari sejak laporan panel diterima. Dalam kasus perkecualian, SEOM dapat menambah sepuluh (10) hari untuk membuat keputusan terhadap sengketa. Dalam Sidang proses pertimbangan oleh SEOM yang dihadiri oleh anggota SEOM, Sidang juga dapat dihadiri oleh kelompok yang bersengketa, tetapi kelompok yang bersangkutan tidak boleh berpartisipasi dalam Sidang pengambilan keputusan SEOM. SEOM akan membuat keputusan berdasarkan suara mayoritas.
PASAL - 8 Permohonan Banding
1. Negara-negara anggota, yang bersengketa, dapat memohon banding atas keputusan SEOM kepada Menteri-Menteri Ekonomi ASEAN (AEM) dalam jangka waktu tiga puluh
(30) hari sejak keputusan dibuat.
2. AEM dapat membuat keputusan dalam tiga puluh (30) hari sejak permohonan banding.
Dalam kasus perkecualian, AEM dapat menambah sepuluh (10) hari untuk membuat suatu keputusan terhadap sengketa. kelompok yang bersengketa dapat hadir selama proses pertimbangan oleh AEM tetapi tidak berpartisipasi dalam keputusan AEM. AEM dapat membuat keputusan didasarkan pada suara terbanyaknya.
Keputusan AEM dalam banding adalah final dan mengikat pada semua kelompok yang bersengketa.
3. Oleh karena keputusan-keputusan yang dibuat oleh SEOM dan AEM adalah penting dalam rangka menyelesaikan sengketa dengan efektif, maka negara anggota yang bersengketa hendaknya melaksanakan keputusan tersebut dalam jangka waktu yang disepakati oleh pihak-pihak yang bersengketa dan jangka waktu tersebut tidak melebihi 30 hari sejak keputusan SEOM dibuat atau 30 hari sejak keputusan AEM.
negara Anggota yang bersengketa hendaknya melaporkan secara tertulis kepada SEOM atau AEM mengenai laporan perkembangan pelaksanaan keputusan tersebut.
PASAL - 9 Kompensasi dan Penundaan Konsesi
1. Jika negara Anggota yang bersengketa gagal dalam melaksanakan peraturan SEOM atau keputusan AEM dalam jangka waktu yang disepakati karena ditemukannya ketidak konsisten dengan perjanjian, maka negara anggota yang bersengketa hendaknya bernegosiasi dan berusaha mencari kompensasi yang dapat diterima dan saling menguntungkan kedua pihak. Jika tidak ada kompensasi yang disepakati dalam jangka waktu 20 hari sejak habisnya jangka waktu penyelesaian sengketa,
maka negara anggota yang bersangkutan dapat meminta kewenangan AEM untuk menunda konsesi atau kewajiban lainnya dalam perjanjian.
2. Tetapi, tidak ada penggantian maupun penangguhan konsesi atau kewajiban lainnya untuk pelaksanaan rekomendasi secara penuh yang sesuai dengan aturan-aturan Perjanjian atau perjanjian sebelumnya.
PASAL - 10 Kerangka Waktu Maksimum
Negara-negara Anggota setuju bahwa jumlah periode yang dalam sengketa sesuai dengan Artikel 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 dan 9 dari Protokol ini tidak melebihi dua ratus sembilan puluh (290) hari.
PASAL - 11 Tanggung Jawab Sekretariat
1. Sekretariat ASEAN bertanggung jawab dalam membantu Panel khususnya yang berkenaan pada aspek sejarah dan prosedural masalah-masalah yang dihadapi, dan penyediaan kesekretariatan dan pendukung teknis.
2. Sekretariat ASEAN bertanggung jawab memonitor di bawah pengawasan pelaksanaan peraturan SEOM dan keputusan AEM sepanjang kasus tersebut ada.
3. Sekretariat ASEAN menyediakan jasa-jasa baik, konsiliasi atau mediasi untuk membantu menyelesaiakan sengketa.
PASAL - 12 Provisi-provisi Penutup
1. Protokol ini hendaknya disimpan oleh Sekretaris Jenderal ASEAN, dan Sekretaris Jenderal ASEAN menyampaikan secepatnya satu copy salinan yang telah disahkan kepada setiap Negara Anggota.
2. Protokol ini harus mulai berlaku sejak ratifikasi atau penandatanganan oleh semua Pemerintah dan Sekretaris Jenderal ASEAN.
DISAKSIKAN, Penandatanganan sepenuh oleh masing-masing Pemerintah-pemerintah yang berwenang yang telah menandatangani Protokol Mekanisme Penyelesaian Sengketa.
DITANDATANGANI di Manila, pada tanggal 20 bulan Nopember 1996 dalam satu buah salinan bahasa Inggris.
Lampiran 1 Perjanjian-perjanjian ASEAN
1. Perjanjian Multilateral tentang "Commercial Rights of Non-Scheduled Services among ASEAN", Manila, tanggal 13 Maret 1971.
2. Perjanjian tentang "ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangement", Manila, tanggal 24 Pebruari 1977.
3. Perjanjian Saling Pengertian tentang " the ASEAN Swap Arrangements", Kuala Lumpur, tanggal, 5 Agustus 1977.
4. Supplementary perjanjian untuk "Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangements, Washington D.C, tanggal, 26 September 1978.
5. Supplementary perjanjian ke dua untuk "Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement, Denpasar, Bali, tanggal 9 September 1979.
6. Perjanjian tentang "The ASEAN Food Security Reserve, New York, tanggal 4 Oktober
1979. 7. Perjanjian dasar tentang "ASEAN Industrial Projects, Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 2 Maret
1980. 8. Supplementary perjanjian untuk "The Basic Aggrement on ASEAN Industrial Projects ASEAN Urea Project (INDONESIA), Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 8 Maret 1980.
9. Supplementary perjanjian untuk perjanjian dasar mengenai The Basic Aggrement on ASEAN Industrial Projects ASEAN Urea Project (Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 6 Maret 1980.
10. Perubahan-perubahan untuk "Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement Colombo, Sri Lanka, tanggal 16 Januari 1981.
11. Perjanjian dasar tentang "ASEAN Industrial Complementation, Manila, tanggal 18 Juni 1981.
12. Supplementary perjanjian ketiga mengenai Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement, Bangkok, tanggal 4 Pebruari 1982.
13. Perjanjian tentang ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on Plant Quarantine Ring, Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 8-9 Oktober 1982.
14. Perjanjian tentang ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on the Standardization of Import and Quarantine Regulation on Animal Products, Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 8-9 Oktober 1982.
15. Protokol perubahan Agreement on the ASEAN Food Security Reserve, Bangkok, tanggal 22 Oktober 1982.
16. Perjanjian tentang ASEAN Customs Code of Conduct, Jakarta, tanggal 18 Maret
1983. 17. Perjanjian tentang ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on Fisheries Cooperation, Singapore, tanggal 20-22 Oktober 1983.
18. Perjanjian "Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures," Jakarta, tanggal 7 Nopember 1983.
19. Perjanjian "ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on ASEAN Cooperation in Agricultural Cooperatives, Manila, tanggal 4-5 Oktober 1984.
20. Perjanjian tentang "ASEAN Ministerial on Plant Pest Free Zone," Manila, tanggal 4-5 Oktober 1984.
21. Perjanjian tentang "Agreement on ASEAN Energy Cooperation," Manila, tanggal 24 Juni 1986.
22. Perjanjian tentang "ASEAN Petroleum Security Agreement," Manila, Tanggal 24 Juni
1986. 23. Perjanjian tentang "Agreement on the Prefential Shortlisting of ASEAN Contractors," Jakarta, tanggal 20 Oktober 1986.
24. Supplementary perjanjian perubahan untuk "the Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures," Singapore, tanggal 18 Juni 1987.
25. Supplementary keempat perjanjian untuk "Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement," Kathmandu, Nepal tanggal 21 Januari 1987.
26. Protokol perbaikan "on extention of Tariff Preferences under the ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangement," Manila, tanggal 15 Desember 1987.
27. Memorandum of Understanding on Standstill and Rollback on Non tariff Barries among ASEAN Countries, Manila, tanggal 15 Desember 1987.
28. Revisi dari "Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures," Manila, tanggal 15 Desember 1987.
29. Perjanjian antar Pemerintahan Brunei Darussalam, Republik INDONESIA, Malaysia, Philipina, Singapura, kerajaan Thailand untuk perjanjian "The Promotion and Protection of Investment, Manila, tanggal 15 Desember 1987.
30. Protokol untuk "Improvements on Extention of Tariff Preferences under the ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangement, Manila, tanggal 15 Desember 1987.
31. Perjanjian tentang "the Establishment of the ASEAN Tourism Information Centre, Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 26 September 1988.
32. Perjanjian tentang "Financial Regulation of the ASEAN Tourism Information Centre, Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 26 September 1988.
33. Memorandum saling pengertian tentang "Memorandum of Understanding Brand to Brand Complementation on the Automotive Industry Under the Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Complementation (BAAIC), Pattaya, Thailand, tanggal 18 Oktober
1988. 34. Protokol perubahan "the revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, tanggal 1 Januari 1991.
35. Supplementary perjanjian untuk "The Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Projects ASEAN Potash Mining Projects (Thailand), Kuala Lumpur, tanggal 20 Juli 1991.
36. Perjanjian untuk "Agreement on the Common Effective Preferential Tariff Scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area, Siangpura, tanggal 28 Januari 1992.
37. Protokol kedua untuk perubahan "The Revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, Manila, tanggal 23 Oktober 1992.
38. Perjanjian tingkat Menteri "Ministerial Understanding on ASEAN Cooperation in
Food, Agriculture and Forest Products Promotion Scheme", Langkawi, malaysia,
1994. 39. Memorandum saling pengertian "Memorandum of Understanding on ASEAN Cooperation and Joint Aproaches in Agriculture and Forest products promotion Scheme". Langkawi, malaysia, 1994.
40. Protokol ketiga perubahan tentang "The Revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, tanggal 2 Maret 1995.
41. Protokol perubahan mengenai "The Agreement on the Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) Scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), Bangkok, tanggal 15 Desember 1995.
42. Protokol perubahan untuk "The Agreement on ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangements, Bangkok, tanggal 15 Desember 1995.
43. Perjanjian tentang "ASEAN Framework on Services, Bangkok, tanggal 15 Desember
1995. 44. Perjanjian tentang "ASEAN Framework Agreement on Intellectual property Cooperation, bangkok, tanggal 15 Desember 1995.
45. Protokol perubahan tentang "The Agreement on ASEAN Energy Cooperation, Bangkok, tanggal 15 Desember 1995.
46. Perjanjian tentang "Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Cooperation, Singapore, tanggal 26 April 1996.
47. Protokol perubahan perjanjian dengan negara-negara ASEAN tentang "The Agreement Among the Government of Brunei Darussalam, the Republic of INDONESIA, Malaysia, the Republic of Philipina, Republic of Singapore, the Kingdom of Thailand" untuk "The Promotion and Protection of Investments, Jakarta, tanggal 12 September 1996.
Lampiran 2 Prosedur Panel
I. Komposisi Panel
1. Panel terdiri dari para ahli baik berasal dari pemerintah atau non Pemerintah atau pejabat senior perdagangan suatu negara. Dalam MENETAPKAN calon nominasi di Panel, masing-masing negara anggota ASEAN memberikan preferensinya masing-masing.
2. Anggota panel yang terpilih harus independen, mempunyai latar belakang yang memadai dan berpengalaman luas.
3. Negara anggota ASEAN yang terlibat dalam sengketa dagang tidak boleh menjadi anggota panel, kecuali pihak-pihak yang bertikai menyetujuinya.
4. Untuk membantu pemilihan anggota panel, Sekretariat ASEAN akan memberikan incative list mengenai kualifikasi yang iperlukan sesuai dengan paragraph 1.
negara anggota secara periodik mengusulkan calon-calon baik yang berasal dari pemerintah maupun non pemerintah yang memenuhi kriteria memiliki pengetahuan yang relevant dengan perdagangan internasional.
5. Panel terdiri dari 3 (tiga) panelis, yang disetujui oleh partai yang bersengketa, dan dalam jangka waktu 10 (sepuluh hari) sejak terbentuknya panel, sebuah panel dapat terdiri dari 5 (lima) panelis. negara-negara anggota diberi tahu mengenai komposisi panel.
6. Sekretariat akan mengusulkan para nominasi untuk panel kepada pihak-pihak yang bersengketa. Pihak yang bersengketa tidak boleh menentang calon yang dinominasikan kecuali karena alasan tertentu.
7. Jika dalam jangka waktu 20 (dua puluh hari) sejak terbentuknya panel, para panelis tidak disetujui, maka atas permintaan pihak yang bersengketa, sekretaris Jenderal Sekretariat ASEAN berkonsultasi dengan ketua SEOM mengenai komposisi para panelis yang sesuai dengan prosedur dan aturan tambahan dari perjanjian. Ketua SEOM memberitahukan kepada para anggota mengenai komposisi panel dalam jangka waktu 10 (sepuluh) hari.
8. Menurut aturan umum, negara anggota dapat mengijinkan pejabatnya untuk menjadi panelis.
9. Panelis bekerja sesuai dengan kapasitasnya tidak sebagai wakil Pemerintah atau suatu organisasi, oleh karena itu sebelum panel, negara anggota tidak boleh memberikan instruksi atau cara-cara untuk mempengaruhi mereka berkenaan dengan permasalahan persengketaan.
II. Pelaksanaan Panel
1. Pelaksanaan panel harusnya mengikuti provisi yang tercantum dalam protokol.
2. Panel dilaksanakan dalam sidang tertutup. Pihak-pihak yang bersengketa dan pihak yang berminat mengikuti penyelesaian sengketa dapat hadir dalam sidang jika diundang oleh panel.
3. Dokumen dan makalah yang disampaikan dijaga kerahasiannya (confidential).
Didalam protokol disebutkan pohak-pihak yang bersengketa tidak boleh mengungkapkan posisinya kepada masyarakat luas. negara-negara anggota agar saling menjaga kerahasiaan informasi yang dibahas dalam panel, kecuali atas permintaan suatu negara informasi-informasi terseut diumumkan ke masyarakat (public).
4. Sebelum sidang panel pertama dimulai, panel meminta kepada pihak-pihak yang bersengketa untuk menyampaikan informasi tertulis dan bukti kasus serta argumentasinya kepada panel.
5. Pada sidang substansial panel pertama dengan pihak yang bersengketa, panel akan meminta pihak yang membawa mengajukan keluhan (mengugat) kepada panel untuk mempresentasikan kasusnya.
Selanjutnya pada sidang yang sama, pihak yang tergugat akan ditanyakan
pandangannya oleh panel.
6. Pada sidang substansial panel kedua diadakan diskusi atau debat secara resmi, maka Pihak yang tergugat mempunyai hak untuk meminta tanggapan kepada "floor" terlebih dahulu, Selanjutnya pihak penggugat meminta tanggapan dari floor. Pihak-pihak yang bersengketa agar menyampaikan debat tertulisnya kepada panel.
7. Panel dapat meminta pertanyaan kepada pihak yang bersengketa kapan saja, dan meminta penjelasan tertulis sidang dan menyampaikannya ke panel.
8. Pihak yang bersengketa menyampaikan penyertaan tertulis mengenai pidatonya
kepada panel.
9. Dalam hal menjaga transparansi, sesuai dengan artikel 5-9 maka pihak yang bersengketa mempresentasikan permasalahannya. Selanjutnya pihak-pihak tersebut menyampaikan kepada kelompok tentang laporan tertulis yang termasuk tanggapan dalam sidang panel.
10. Prosedur spesifik tambahannya disampaikan dalam panel.
PROTOCOL ON DISPUTE SETTELEMENT MECHANISM
The Governments of Brunei Darussalam, the Republic of INDONESIA, malaysia, the Republic of the Philippines, the Republic of Singapore, the Kingdom of Thailand and the Socialist republic of Vietnam, member States of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN);
RECALLING the Framework Agreement on Enhancing ASEAN Economic Cooperation signed in Singapore on 28 January 1992, as amended by the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Enhancing ASEAN Economic Cooperation signed in Bangkok on 15 December 1995 (the "Agreement");
RECOGNIZING the need to expand Article 9 of the Agreement to strengthen the mechanism for the settlement of disptes in the area of ASEAN economic cooperation;
HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS :
ARTICLE 1 Coverage and Application
1. The rules and procedures of this Protocol shall apply to disputes brought pursuant to the consultation and dispute settlement provisions of the Agreement as well as the agreements listed in Appendix 1 and future ASEAN economic agreements (the "covered agreements").
2. The rules and procedures of this Protocol shall apply subject to such special or additional rules and procedures on dispute settlement contained in the covered
agreements. To the extent that there is a difference between the rules and procedures of this Protocol and the special or additional rules and procedures in the covered agreements, the special or additional rules and procedures shall prevail.
3. The provisions of this Protocol are without prejudice to the rights of Member States to seek recourse to other fora for the settelemnt of disputes involving other Member States. A Member State involved in a dispute can resort to other fora at any stage before the Senior Economic Officials Meeting ("SEOM") has made a ruting on the panel report.
ARTICLE 2 Consultations
1. Member States shall accord adequate apportunity for consultations regarding any representations made by other Member States with respect to any matter affecting the implementation, interpretation or application of the Agreement or any covered agreement. Any differences shall, as far as possible, be settled amicably between the Member States.
2. Member States which consider that any benefit accruing to them directly or inderectly, under the Agreement or any covered agreement is being nullified or impaired, or that the attainment of any objective of the Agreement or any covered agreement is being impeded as a result of failure of another Member State to carry out its obligations under the Agreement or any covered agreement, or the existence of any other situation may, with a view to achieving satisfactory settlement of the matter, make representations or proposals to the other Member State concerned, which shall give due consideration to the representations or proposals made to it.
3. If a request for consultations is made, the Member State to which the request is made shall reply to the request within ten (10) days after the date of its receipt and shall enter into consultations within a period of no more than thirty (30) days after the date or receipt to the request, with a view to reaching a mutually satisfactory solution.
ARTICLE 3 Good Offices, Conciliation or Mediation
1. Member States which are parties to a dispute may at any time agree to good offices, conciliation or mediation. They may begin at any time and be terminated at any time. Once procedures for good offices, conciliation or mediation are terminated, a complaining party may then proceed to raise the matter to SEOM.
2. If the parties to a dispute agree, procedures for good offices, conciliation or mediation may continue while dispute proceeds.
ARTICLE 4 Senior Economic Officials Meeting
1. If the consultations fail to settle a dispute within sixty (60) days after the date of receipt of the request for consultations, the matter shall be raised to the SEOM.
2. The SEOM shall :
a) establish a panel; or b) where applicable, raise the matter to the special body in charge of the special or additional rules and procedures for its consideration.
3. Notwithstanding Article 4 paragraph 2, if the SEOM considers it desirable to do so in a particular case, it may decide to deal with the dispute to achieve an amicable settlement without appointing a panel. This step shall be taken without any extension of the thirty (30) day period in Article 5 paragraph 2.
ARTICLE 5 Establishment of Panel
1. The function of the panel is to make an objective assessment of the dispute before it, including an examination of the facts of the case and the applicability of and conformity with the sections of the Agreement or any covered agreement, and make such other findings as will assist the SEOM in making the rulings provided for under the Agreement or any covered agreement.
2. The SEOM shall establish a panel no later than thirty (30) days after the date which the dispute has been raised to it.
3. The SEOM shall make the final determination of the size, composition and terms of reference of the panel.
ARTICLE 6 Function of the Panel
1. The panel shall, apart from the matters covered in Appendix 2, regulate its own procedures in relation to the rights of parties to be heard and its deliberations.
2. The panel shall submit its findings to the SEOM within sixty (60) days of its formation. In exceptional cases, the panel may take an additional ten (10) days to submit its findings to SEOM. Within this time period, the panel shall accord adequate apportunity to the parties to the dispute to review the report before submission.
3. The panel shall have the right to seek information and technical advice from any individual or body which it deems appropriate A member State should respond prompfly and fully to any request by a panel for such information as the panel considers necessary and appropriate.
4. Panel deliberations shall be confidential. The reports of panels shall be drafterd
without the presence of the parties to the dispute in the light of the information provided and the statements made.
ARTICLE 7 Treatment of Panel Result
The SEOM shall consider the report of the panel in its deliberations and make a ruling on the dispute within thirty (30) days from the submission of the report by the panel.
In exceptional cases, SEOM may take an additional ten (10) days to make a ruling on the dispute. SEOM representatives from Member States which are parties to a dispute can be present during the process of deliberation but shall not participate in the ruling of SEOM. SEOM shall make a ruling based on simple majority.
ARTICLE 8 Appeal
1. ARTICLE 9 Member States, who are parties to the dispute, may appeal the ruling by the SEOM to the ASEAN Economic Ministers ("AEM") within thirty (30 days of the ruling.
2. The AEM shall make a decision within thirty (30) days of the appeal. In exceptional cases, AEM may take an additional ten (10) days to make a decision on the dispute.
Economic Ministers from Member States which are parties to a dispute cab ne present during the process of deliberation but shall not participate in the decision of AEM. AEM shall make a decision based on simple majority. The decision of the AEM on the appeal shall be final and binding on all parties to the dispute.
3. Since prompt compliance with the rulings of the SEOM or decisions of the AEM is essenticl in order to ensure effective resolution of disputes. Member States who are parties to the dispute shall comply with the ruling or decision, as the case may be, within a reasonable time period. The reasonable period of time shall be a period of time mutually agreed to by the parties to the dispute but under no circumstances should it exceed thirty (30) days from the SEOM's ruling or in the event of an appeal thirty (30) days from the AEM's decision. The Member States concerned shall provide the SEOM or the AEM, cs the case may be, with a status report in writing of their progress in the implementation of the ruling or decision.
Compensation and the Suspension of Concessions
1. If the Member State concerned fails to bring the measure found to be inconsistent with the Agreement or any covered agreement into compliance therewith or otherwise comply with SEOM's rulings or AEM's decisions within the reasonable period of time, such Member State shall, if so requested, and no later than the
expiry of the reasonable period of time, enter into negoliations with any party having invoked the dipute settlement procedures, with a view to developing mutually acceptable compensation. If no satisfactory compensation has been agreed within 20 (twenty) days after the date of expiry of the reasonalbe period of time, any party having invoked the dispute settlement procedures may request authorization from the AEM to suspend the application to the Member State concerned of concessions or other obligations under the Agreement or any covered agreements.
2. However, neither compensation nor the suspension of concessions or other obligations is preferred to full implementation of a recommendation to bring a measure into conformity with the Agreement or any covered agreements.
ARTICLE 10 Maximum Time-Frame
Member States agree that the total period for the disposal of a dispute pursuant to Article 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of this Protocol shall not exceed two hunred any ninety
(29) days.
ARTICLE 11 Responsibilities of the Secretariat
1. The ASEAN Secretariat shall have the responsibility of assisting the panels, especially on the historical and procedural aspects of the matters dealf with, and of providing secretariat and technical support.
2. The ASEAN Secretariat shall have the responsibility of monitoring and maintaining under surveillance the implementation of the SEOM's ruling and AEM's decision as the case may be.
3. The ASEAN Secretariat may offer good offices, consiliation or mediation with the view to assisting Members to settle a dispute.
ARTICLE 12 Final Provisions
1. This Protocol shall be deposited with the Secretary General of ASEAN who shall promptly furnish a certified copy thereof to each member State.
2. This Protocol shall enter into force upon the deposit of instruments of ratification or acceptance by all signatory governments with the Secretary general of ASEAN.
IN WITHNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duty authorized thereto by their respective Governments, have signed the Protocol on Dispute Settlement Mechanism.
DONE at Manila, this 20th day of November 1996 in a single copy in the English Language.
For the Government of Brunei Darussalam :
ttd.
ABDUL RAHMAN TAIB Minister of Industry and Primary Resources
For the Government of the Republic of INDONESIA:
ttd.
T. ARIWIBOWO
Minister of Industry and Trade
For the Government of malaysia :
ttd.
RAFIDAH AZIZ Minister of International Trade and Industry
For the Government of the Republic of the Philippines:
ttd.
CESAR B. BAUTISTA
Secretary of Trade and Industry
For the Government of the Republic of Singapore:
ttd.
YEO CHEOW TONG Minister for Trade and Industri
For the Government of the Kingdom of Thailand:
ttd.
SUKON KANCHANALAI Deputy Minister of Commerce
For the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam:
ttd.
LE VAN TRIET
Minister of Trade
APPENDIX 1 COVERED AGREEMENTS
1. Multilateral Agreement on Commercial Rights of Non-Scheduled Services among ASEAN, Manila, 13 March 1971.
2. Agreement on ASEAN Prefential Trading Arrangements, Manila, 24 February 1977.
3. Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangements, Kuala Lumpur, 5 August 1977.
4. Supplementary Agreement to the Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement, Washington D.C., 26 September 1978.
5. Second Supplementary Agreement to the Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement, Denpasar, Bali, 9 September 1979.
6. Agreement on the ASEAN Food Security Reserve, New York, 4 October 1979.
7. Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Projects, Kuala Lumpur, 6 March 1980.
8. Supplementary Agreement of the Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Projects ASEAN Urea Project (INDONESIA), Kuala Lumpur, 6 March 1980.
9. Supplementary Agreement of the Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Projects ASEAN Urea Project (Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 6 March 1980
10. Amendments to the Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement Colombo, Sri Lanka, 16 January 1981.
11. Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Complementation, Manila, 18 June 1981.
12. Third Supplementary Agreement to the Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement, Bangkok, 4 February 1982.
13. ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on Plant Quarantine Ring, Kuala Lumpur, 8-9 October 1982.
14. ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on the Standardization of Import and Quarantine regulation on Animal and Animal Products, Kuala Lumpur, 8-9 October 1982.
15. Protocol to Amend the Agreement on the ASEAN Food Security Reserve, Bangkok, 22 October 1982.
16. ASEAN Customs Code of Conduct, jakarta, 18 March 1983.
17. ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on Fisheries Cooperation, Singapore, 20-22 October 1983.
18. Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, jakarta, 7 November 1983.
19. ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on ASEAN Cooperation in Agricultural Cooperatives, Manila, 4-5 October 1984.
20. ASEAN Ministerial Understanding on Plant Pest Free Zone, Manila, 4-5 October
1984. 21. Agreement on ASEAN Energy Cooperation, Manila, 24 June 1986.
22. ASEAN Petroleum Security Agreement, Manila, 24 Junw 1986.
23. Agreement on the Preferential Shortlisting of ASEAN Contractors, Jakarta, 20 October 1986.
24. Supplementary Agreement to Amend the Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, Singapore, 16 June 1987.
25. Fourth Supplementary Agreement to the Memorandum of Understanding on the ASEAN Swap Arrangement, Katmandu, Nepal, 21 January 1987.
26. Protocol on Improvements on Extensions of Tariff Preferences under the ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangement, Manila, 15 December 1987.
27. Memorandum of Understanding on Standstill and Rollback on Non-Tariff Barries among ASEAN Countrie, Manila, 15 December 1987.
28. revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, Manila, 15 December
1987. 29. Agreement Among the Government of Brunei Darussalam, the Republic of INDONESIA, Malaysia, the Republic of the Philippines, the Republic of Singapore, and the Kingdom of Thailand for the Promotion and Protection of Investments, Manila, 15 December 1987.
30. Protocol on Improvements on Extension of Tariff Preferences under the ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangement, Manila, 15 December 1987.
31. Agreement on the Establishment of the ASEAN Tourism Information Centre, Kuala Lumpur, 26 September 1988.
32. Ginancial regulations of the ASEAN Tourism Information Centre, Kuala Lumpur, 26 September 1988.
33. Memorandum of Understanding Brand-to-Brand Complementation on the Automotive Industry Under the Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Complementation (BAAIC), Pattaya, Thailand, 18 October 1988.
34. Protocol to Amend the Revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, 1 January 1991.
35. Supplementary Agreement to the Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Projects - ASEAN Potash Mining Projects (Thailand), Kuala Lumpur, 20 July 1991.
36. Agreement on the Common Effective Preferential Tariff Scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area, Singapore, 28 January 1992.
37. Second Protocol to Amend the Revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint ventures, Manila, 23 October 1992.
38. Ministerial Understanding on ASEAN Cooperation in Food, Agriculture and Forestry, bandar Seri Begawan, 28-30 October 1993.
39. Memorandum of Understanding on ASEAN Cooperation and Joint Approaches in Agriculture and Forest Products promotion Scheme, Langkawi, Malaysia, 1994.
40. Third Protocol to Amend the Revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures, 2 March 1995.
41. Protocol to Amend the Agreement on the Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) Scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), bangkok, 15 December
1995. 42. Protocol to Amend the Agreement on ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangements, Bangkok, 15 December 1995.
43. ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services, Bangkok, 15 December 1995.
44. ASEAN Framework Agreement on Intelelectual Property Cooperation, Bangkok, 15 December 1995.
45. Protocol Amending the Agreement on ASEAN Energy Cooperation, Bangkok, 15
December 1995.
46. Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Cooperation, Singapore, 26 April 1996.
47. Protocol to Amend the Agreement Among the Government of Brunei Darussalam, the Republic of INDONESIA, Malaysia, the Republic of the Philippines, the Republic of Singapore, and the Kingdom of Thailand for the promotion and Protection of
Investments, Jakarta, 12 September 1996.
APPENDIX 2 WORKING PROCEDURES OF THE PANEL
I.
Composition of Panels
1. Panels shall be composed of well-qualified governmental and/or non-governmental individuals, including persons who have served on or presented a case to a panel, served in the Secretariat, faught or published on international trade law or policy, or served as a senior trade policy official of a Member State. In the nomination to the panels, preference shall be given to individuals who are nationals of ASEAN Member States.
2. Panel members should be selected with a view to ensuring the independence of the members, a sufficiently diverse background and a wide spectrum of experience.
3. Nationals of member States whose governments are parties to the dispute shall not serve on a panel concerned with that dispute, unless the parties to the dispute agree otherwise.
4. To assist in the selection of panelists, the Secretariat shall maintain an indicative list of governmental and non-governmental individuals possessing the qualifications outlined in paragraph 1, from which panelists may be drawn as appropriate.
Members may periodically suggest names of governmental and non-governmental individuals for inclusion on the indicative list, providing relevant information in their knowledge of international trade and of the sectors or subject matter of the covered agreements, and those names shall be added to the list upon approval by the SEOM. For each of the individuals on the list, the list shall indicate specific areas of experience or expertise of the individuals in the sectors or subject matter of the covered agreements.
5. Panels shall be composed of three panelists unless the parties to the dispute agree, within 10 days from the establishment of the panel, to a panel composed of five panelists. Members shall be informed promptly of the composition of the panel.
6. The Secretary shall propose nominations for the panel to the parties to the dispute. The parties to the dispute shall not appose nominations except for compelling reasons.
7. If there is no agreement on the panelists within 20 days after the date of the establishment of a panel, at the request of either party, the Secretary-general, in
consultation with the SEOM Chairman, shall determine the composition of the panel by appointing the panelists whom the Secretary-General considers most appropriate in accordance with any relevant special or additional rules or procedures of the covered agreement or covered agreements which are at issue in the dispute, after consulting with the parties to the dispute. The SEOM Chairman shall inform the Members of the composition of the panel thus formed no later than 10 days after the date the Chairman receives such a request.
8. Member States shall undertake, as a general rule, to permit their officials to serve as panelists.
9. Panelists shall serve in their individual capacities and not as government representatives, nor as representatives of any organization. member States shall therefore not give them instructions nor seek to influence them as individuals with regard to matters before a panel.
II. Panel Proceedings
1. In its proceedings the panel shall follow the relevant provisions of this Protocol. In addition, the following working procedures shall apply.
2. The panel shall meet in closed session. The parties to the dispute, and interested parties, shall be present at the meetings only when invited by the panel to appear before it.
3. The deliberations of the panel and the documents submitted to it shall be kept confidential. Nothing in this Protocol shall preclude a party to a dispute from disclosing statements of its own positions to the public. member States shall treat as confidential information submitted by another Member State to the panel which that Member State has designated as confidential.
Where a party to a dispute submits a confidential version of its written submissions to the panel, it shall als, upon request of a Member State, provide a non-confidential summary of the information contained in its submissions that could be disclosed to the public.
4. Before the first substantive meeting of the panel with the parties, the parties to the dispute shall transmit to the panel written submissions in which they present the facts of the case and their arguments.
5. At its substantive meeting with the parties, the panel shall ask the party which has brought the complaint to present its case. Subsequently, and still at the same meeting, the party against which the complaint has been brought shall be asked to present its point of view.
6. Formal rebuttals shall be made at a second substantive meeting of the panel. The party complained against shall have the right to take the floor first to be followed by the complaining party. The parties shall submit, prior to that meeting, writte rebuttals to the panel.
7. The panel may at any time put questions to the parties and ask them for
explanations either in the course of a meeting with the parties or in writing.
8. The parties to the dispute shall make available to the panel a written version of their oral statements.
9. In the interest of full transparency, the presentations, rebuttals and statements referred to in paragraphs 5 to 9 shall be made in the presence of the parties.
Moreover, each partys written submissions, including any comments on the descriptive part of the report and responses to questions put by the panel, shall be made available to the party or parties.
10. Any additional procedures specific to the panel.