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PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA pada tanggal 30 Mei 1989
MENTERI/SEKRETARIS NEGARA
SOEHARTO
MOERDIONO
LEMBARAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1989 NOMOR 17
UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL CONFERENCE AT ITS SEVENTEENTH SESSION, PARIS, 16 NOVEMBER 1972
UNESCO
The General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization meeting in Paris from 17 Oktober to 21 November 1972 at its seventeenth session.
Notingthat the cultural heritaage and the natural heritage are increasingly threatened with destruction not only by the traditional causes of decay. but also by changing social and economic conditions which aggravate the situation with even more formidable phenomena of damage or destruction.
Concideringthat deterioration or disappearance of any item of the cultural or natural heritage constitutes a harmful impoverishment of the heritage of all the nations of the world.
Consideringthat protection of this heritage at the national level often remains incomplete because of the scale of the resources which it requires and of the insuflicient economic, scientific and technical resources of the country where the property to be protected is situated.
Reccallingthat the Constitution of the Organization provides that it will maintain, increase and diffuse knowledge, by assuring the conservation and protection of the world's heritage, and a recommending to the nations concerned the necessary international conventions.
Concideringthat the existing international conventions, recommendations and resolutions concerning cultural and natural property demonstrate the importance, for all peoples of the world, of safeguarding this unique and irreplaccable property, to whatever people it may belong.
Consideringthat, in view of the magnitude and gravity of the new dangers threatening them, it is incumbent on the international community as a whole to participate in the protection of the cultural and natutral heritage of outstanding universal value, by the granting of collective assistance which although not taking the place of action by the State concerned, will serve as an effective complements thereto.
Concideringthat it is essential for this purpose to adopt new provisions in the form of a convention establishing in effective system of collective protection of the cultural heritage of outstanding universall value, organizad on a permanent basis and in accordance with modern scientific methods.
Heaving decided,at is sixteenth session, that this question should be made the subject of an international convention.
Adoptsthis sixteenth day of November 1972 this Convention.
I. DEFINITIONS OF THE CULTURAL AND THE NATURAL HERITAGE
Article 1 For the purposes of this Convention. the foolowing shall be considered as 'culturral heritage' :
monuments:architectural work, work of monumental sculpture and paiting, elements or structures of an archacological nature, inscriptions, cave dwellings and combinaaations of features, which are of outstanding universal value from the point of view of history, art or science ;
groups of buildings:groups of separate or connected building which, because of their architecture, their homogencity or their place in the landscape, are off outstanding universal value from the point of view off history, art or science;
sites :work off man or the combined works of nature and of man, and areas including archacological sites which are of coutstanding universal value from the historical, aesthetic, ethnological or anthropological point of view.
Article 2 For the purposes of this Conventoin, the following shall be considered as 'natural heritage':
natural features consisting of physiccal and biologiccal formations or groups of such formations, which are of outstanding universal value from the aesthetic or sceintific point of view ;
geological aand physiographical formations and precisely delineated areas which constitute the habitat of threatened species of animals and plants of outstanding universal value from the point view of science orr conservation ;
natural sites or precisely delineated natural areas off outstanding universal value from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty.
Article 3 It is for each State Party to this Convention to identiffy and delincate the deifferent properties situated on its territory mentioned in Article 1 and 2
Article 4 Each State Party to this Convention recognizes that the duty of ensuring the ideptification protection conservation, presentation and transmission to futture generation of the cultural and naturral heritage referred to in Article 1 and 2 and situated on is territory, belongs primarily to that State. It will do all it can to this end, to the utmost of its own resourced and, where appropriate with any international assistance and co-operation, in particular, financial, artisstic,scientific and technical, which it may be able to obtain.
Article 5 To ensure that effective and active measures are taken for the protection, conservation and presentation off the cultural and natural heritage situated on its territory, each State Party to this Convention shall endeavour, in so far as possible, and appropriate for each country:
(a) to adopt a general policy which aims to give the cultural aand natural heritage a function
in the life of the community and to integrate the protection of that heritage into comprehensive planning programmes :
(b) to set up within its territories, where such services do not exist one or more servicess for the protection, conservation and presentation of the cultural and natural heritage with an appropriate staff and prossessing the means to discharge their functions :
(c) to develop scientific and technical studies and rescarch and to work out such operating methods as will make the State capable of counteracting the dangers that threaten its cultural or natural heritage :
(d) to take the appropriate legal, scientific, techniccal, administrative and financial measures necessary for the identification, protection, conservation presentation and rehabilitation of this heritage; and (e) to foster the establishment or development of national or regional centres for training in the protection, conservation and presentation of the cultural and natural heritage and to encourage scientific research in this field.
Article 6
1. Whilst fully respecting the sovereignty of the States on whose territory the cultural and natural heeritage mentioned in Article a and 2 is situated : and without prejudice to property rights provided by national legislation,, the States Parties to this Convention recognize that such heritage constitutes a world heritage for whose protection it is the duty of the international community as a whole to co-operate.
2. The State Parties undertake, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, to give their help in the identification, protection, conservation and preservation of the cultural and natural heritage referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article 11 if the States on whose territory it is situated so request.
3. Each State Party to this Convention undertakes not to take any deliberate measures which might damage directly or indirectly the cultural and natural herritage referred to in Article 1 and 2 situated on the territory off other States Parties to this Convention.
Article 7 For the purpose of this Convention, international protection of the world cultural and natural heritage shall be understaood to mean the establishment of a system of inteernational co- operation and assistance designed to support States Parties to the Convention in their efforts to conserve and identifffy that heritage.
III. INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMITTEE FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE
Article 8
1. An Intergovernmental Committee for the Protection of the Cultural and Natural Heritage of Outstanding Universal Value, called the World Heritage Committee', is hereby estaablished with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
It shall be composed of 15 States Parties to the Convention elested by States Parties to the Convention meeting in generrral assembly during the ordinary session of the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization. The number of States members of the Committee shall be increased to 221 as from the date of the ordinary session of the General Conference following the entry into force of this Convention for aat leaast 40 States.
2. Election of members of the Committee shall ensure an equitable representation of the diffrent regions and cultures of the world.
3. A representative of the International Centre shall for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cuturaal Property (Rome Centre), a representative of the Internatinaal Council of Monuments and Site (ICOMOS) and a representative of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), to whom may be added, at the request of States Parties to thee Convention meeting in general assembly during the ordinary sessions off the General Conference off the United Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, representatives of other intergovernmental or non- governmenttal organizations, wiith similar objectives, may attend the meetingss of the Committee in an advisory capacity.
Article 9
1. The term off office of States members of the World Heritage Committee shall extend from the end of the ordinary session of the General Conference during which they are elected until the end of its third subscquent ordinary session.
2. The term of office of one-third of the members designated at the time of the first election shall, however, cease at her end of the first ordinary session of the General Conference following that at which they were elected; and the term of office of a further third of the members designated at the same time shall crease aat the end of the second ordinary session offf the General Conference followings that at which they were elected. The names of there members shall be chosen by llot by the President of the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization after the first election.
3. States members of the Committee shall chose as their reprentatives persons qualified in the field of the cultural or natural heritage.
Article 10
1. The World Heritage Commitee shall adopt its Rules of Procedure.
2. The Committee maay at any time invite public or private organizations or individuaals to participate in its meetings for consultation on particular problems.
Article 11
1. Every State Party to this Convention shall, in so far as possible, submit to the World Heritage Committee an inventory of properrty forming part of the cultural and natural heritage, situated in tis territory and ...' le for inclusion in the list provided for in paragraph 22 of this Article.
This inventory, which shall not be considered exhaustive, shall include documentation about the lacation of the property in question and its significance.
2. On the basis of the inventaoories submitted by State in accordance with paragraph 1, the Committee shall establish, keep up to date and publish under the title of World Heritage List, a list of properties forming part of the cultural herritage and natural heritage, as defined in Article 1 and 2 of this Convention criteria as it shall have
established. An updated list shall be distributed at least every two years.
3. The inclusion offf a property in the World Heritage List requires the consent of the State concerned. The inclusion of a pproperrty ssituated in a territory, sovereignty or jurisdiction over which is claimed by more than one State shall in no way prejudice the rights of the parties to the dispute.
4. The Committee shall establish, keep up to date and publish, whenever circumstances shall so require under the title of List of World Heritage in Danger, a list of the properrty appeearing in the World Heritage List for the conservation of which major operations are neccessaary and for which assistance has been requested under this Convention.
This list shall contain an estimate of the cost of such operatins. The list may include only such properrty forming part of the cultural and natural heritage as is threatened by serious and specific dangers, such as the threat of disappearance cccaused by accelerated deterioration, large-scale public or private projects or raapid urban or tourist development projects; destruction caused by changes in the use or ownership of the land; major alterations due to unknown causes; abandonment forrr any reason whatsoever; the outbreak or the threat off an armmmed conflict; calamities and cataclysms; serious fires; earthquakes, landslides; volcanic eruptions; changes in water level, floods, and tidal waves. The Committee may at any time, in case of urgent need, make aa new entry in the List of World Heritage in Danger and publicize such entry immediately.
5. The Committee shall define the criteria on the basis of which a property belonging to the cultural or natural heritage may be included in either of the lists mentioned in paragraphs 2 aaaand 4 of this article.
6. Before refusing a request for inclusion in one of the two mentioned in paragraphs 2 and 4 of this article, the Committee shall consult the State Party in whose territory the cultural or natural property in question is situated.
7. The Committee shall, with the agreement of the States concerned, co-ordinate and encourage the studies and research needed for the drawing up of the lists referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of this article.
Article 12 The fact that a property belonging to the culturral or natural heritage has not been included in either of the two lists mentioned in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article 11 shall in no way be construed to mean that it does not have an outstanding universal value for purposes other than those resulting from inclusion in these lists.
Article 13
1. The World Heritage Committee shall reccive and study requests for international assistance formulated by States Parties tooo this Convention with respect to property forming part of the cultural or natural heritage, situated in their territories and included or potentially suitable for inclusion in the lists referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article
11. The purpose of such requests may be to secure the protection, conservattion, presentation or rehabilitation of such property.
2. Requests for international assistance under paragraph 1 of this article may also be concerned wiith identification of culturala or natural pproperty defiined in Article 1 and 2, when preliminary investigations have shown that futher inquiries would be justified.
3. The Committee shall decide on the action to be taken with regard to these requests, determine where appropriate, the nature aand extent of its assistance, and authorize the conclusion, on its behalf, offf the neccessary arrangements with the government concerned.
4. The Committee shsall determine an order of priorities for its operation. It shall in so doing bear in mind the respective importance for the wworld cultural and natural heritaagee of the property ppprotection, the need to give international assistance to the property most representative of a natural environment or of the geniu... and the history of the peoples of the States on whose territory the threatenened property is situated and in particular the extent to which they aaare able to safeguard such property by their own means.
5. The Committee shall draw up, keep up to date and publicize a list of property for which international assistance haas been granted.
6. The Committee shall decide on the use of the resources of the Fund established under Article 15 of this Convention. It shall seek wayss of increasing these resources and shall take all useful steps to this end.
7. The Committee shall co-operate with international aaand national governmental and non-governmental organizations having objective similar to those of this Convention.
For the implementation of its programmes and projects, the Committee may call on such organizations, particularly the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (the Rome Centre), the International Council of Monuments and sites (ICOMOS) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), as well as on public and private bodies and individuals.
8. Decisions of the Committee shall be taken by a majority off two-thirds of its members present and voting. A. Majority of the members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum.
Article 14
1. The World Heritage Committee shall be assisted by a Secretariat appointed by the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and cultural Organization.
2. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Utilizing to the fulled extent possible the services of the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and the Restoration of Cultural Properrty (the Rome Centre), the International Council of Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) in their respective areas of competence and capability, shall prepare the Committee's documentation and the agenda off its meetings and shall have the responsibility for the implementation of its decisions.
IV. FUND FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE
Article 15
1. A Fund ffor the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage of Outstanding Universal Value, called 'the World Heritage Fund', is hereby established..
2. The Fund shall constitute a trust fund, in conformity with provisions of the Financial Regulations of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
3. The resources of the Fund shall consist of :
(a) compulsory and voluntary contributions made by States Parties to this Convention, (b) contributions, gifts or bequests which be made by :
(i) other States;
(ii) the United Nations Educationaal, Scientific and Cultural Organization, other organizations of the United Nations system, particularly the United Nations Development Programme or other intergovernmental organizations;
(iii) public or private bodies or individual;
(c) any interest due on the resources of the Fund;
(d) funds raised by collections and receipts from events organized for the benefit of the Fund; and (e) all other resources authorized by the Fund's regulations, as drawn up by the World Heritage Committee.
4. Contributions to the Fund and other forms of assistance made available to the Committee may be used only for such purposes as the Committee shallll define. The Committee may accepts contributions to be used only for a certain programme or project, provided that the Committee shall have decided on the implementation of such programme or project. No conditions may be attached to contributions made to the Fund.
Article 16
1. Without prejudice to any supplementary voluntary contribution, the States Parties to this Convention undertake to pay regularly, every two years, to the World Heritage Fund, contributions, the amount of which, in form of a uniform percentage applicable to all States, shall be determined by the General Assembly of States of the Conventions, meeting during the sessions of the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. This decision of the General Assembly requires the majority of the States Parties present and voting, which have not made the declaration referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article. In no case shall the contribution to the Regular Budget of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
2. Howeyer, each State referred to in Article 31 or in Article 32 of this Convention may declare, at the time of deposit of its instruments of ratification, acceptance or accession, that it shall not be bound by the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article.
3. A State Party to the Convention which hass made the declaration referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article may at any time withdraw the said declaration by notifying the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Howeyer, the withdrawal of the declaration shall not take effect in regard to the compulsory contribution due by the State untul the date off the subscquent General Assembly off State Parties to the Convention.
4. In order thet the Committee may be able to plan its operations effectively the contributions of Stattes Parties to this Convention which have made the declaration refferred to in paragraph 2 of this Article, shall be paid on a regular basis, at least every two years, and should have paid if they had been bound by the provisions of paragraph
1 of this Article.
5. Any State Party to the Convention which is in Arrears with the payment of its compulsory or voluntary contribution for the current year and the calendar year immediately preceding it shall not be eligible as a Member of the World Heritage Committee, although this provision shall not apply to the first election.
The terms of office of any such State which is already a member of the Committee shall terminate at the time of the election provided for in Article 8 paragraph 1 of this Convention.
Article 17 The States Parties to this Convention shall consider or encourage the establishment of national, public and private foundations or associations whose purpose is to invite donations for the protection of the cultural and naturtal heritage as defined in Article 1 and 2 of this Convention.
Article 18 The States Parties to this Convention shall give their assistance to inteernational fund- raising campaigns organized for the World Heritage Fund under the auspices of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. They shall facilitate collections made by the bodies mentioned in paragraph 3 of Article 15 for this purpose.
V. CONDITIONS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE
Article 19 Any State Party to this Convention may request inteeernational assistance for property forming part of the cultural or natural heritage of outstanding universal value situated within its teeerritory. It shall submit with its request such information and documentation pprovided for in Article 21 as it has in its prossenssion and as will enable the Committee to come to a decision.
Article 20 Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 13, sub-paragraph (c) of Article 22 and Article 23, international assistance provided for by this Convention may be granted only to property forming part of the cultural and natural heritage which the World Heritage Committee has decided, or may decide, to enter in one of the lists mentioned in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article 11.
Article 21
1. The World Heritage Committee shall define the procedure by which requests to it for international assistance shalll be considered and shall specify the content of the request, which should define the operation contemplated, the work that is necessary, the expected cost thereof, the degree of urgency and the reasons why the resources of the State requesting assistance do not allow it to meet all the expenses. Such requests must be supported by experts' reports whenever possible.
2. Requests based upon disasters or natural calamities, should, by reasons of the urgent
work which, they may involve, be given immendiate, rpiority consideration by the Committee, which should have a reserve fund at its disposal against such contingecies.
3. Before coming to a decision, the Committee shall carry out such studies and consultations as it deems necessary.
Article 22 Assistance granted by the World Heritage Committee may take the following forms :
(a) studies concerning the artistic, scientific and technical problems raised by the protection, conservation, presentation and rehabilitation off the cultural and natural heritage, as defined in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article 11 of this Convention;
(b) provision of experts, technicians and skilled labour to ensure that the approved work is correctly carried out;
(c) training of staff and specialists at all level the field of identification, protection, corservation, presentation and rehabilitation of the cultural and natural heritage;
(d) supply of equipment which the State concerned does not possess or is not in a position to aacquire;
(e) low-interest to interest-free loans which might be repayable on a long-term basis;
(f) the granting, in exceptional cases and for special reasons, of non-repayable subsidies.
Article 23 The World Heritage Committee may also provide international assistance to national or regional centres for the training of staff and specialist at all levels in the ffield of identification, protection, conservation, presentation and rehabilitation of the cultural and natural heritage.
Article 24 International assistance on a large scale shall be preceded by detailed scientific, economic and technical studies. These studies shall draw upon the most advanced techniques for the protection, conservation, presentation and rehabilitation of the natutral and cultural heritage and shall be consistend with the objectives of this Convention. The studies shall also seek means of making rational use of the resources available in the State concerned.
Article 25 As a general rule, only part of the cost of work necessary shall be borne by the international committee. The contribution of the State benefiting from international assistance shall constitute a substantial share of the resources devoted to each programme or project, unless its resources do not permit this.
Article 26 The World Heritage Committee and the reciipient State define in the agreement they conclude the conditions in which a programme or project for which international assistance under the term of this Convention is provided, shall be carried out. It shall be the responsibility of the State receiving such international assistance to continue to protect, conserve and present the property so safeguarded, in observance of the conditions laid down by the agreement.
VI. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES
Article 27
1. The States Parties oto this Convention shall endeavour by all appropriate means, and in particular by educational and information programmes, to strengthen appreciation and respect by their peoples of the cultural and natural heritage defined in Article 1 and 2 of the Convention.
2. They shall undertake to keep the public broadly informed of the dangers threatening this heritage and of activities carried on in pursuance of this Convention.
Article 28 States Parties to this Convention which receive international assistance under the Convention shall take appropriate measures to make known the importance of the property for which assistance has been received and the role played by such assistance.
VII. REPORTS
Article 29
1. The States Parties to this Convention shall, in the report which they submit to the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization on dates and in a manner to be determined by it, give information on the legislative and administrative provisions which they have adopted and other action which they have taken for the application of this Convention, together with details of the experience acquired in this field.
2. These reports shall be brought to the attention of the World Heritage Committee.
3. The Committee shall submit a report on its activities at each of the ordinary sessions of the General Conference of the United Nations Educational.
VIII. FINAL CALUSES
Article 30 This Convention is drawn up in Arabic, English, French, Russian and Spanish, the five texts being equally authoritative.
Article 31
1. This Convention shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by States members of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Culturtal Organization in accordance with their respective constitutional procedures.
2. The instruments of ratification or acceptance shall be deposited with the Director- General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Article 32
1. This Convention shall be open to accession by all States not members of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization which are invited by the General Conference off the Organization to accede to it.
2. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Article 33 This Convention shall enter into force three months after the date of the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance or accession, but only with respect to those States which have deposited their respective instruments of ratification, acceptance or accession on or before that date. It shall enter into force with respect to any other State months after the deposit off its instrument of ratification, acceptance or accession.
Article 34 The following provisions shall apply to those States Parties to this Convention which have a federal or non-unitary constitutionaal system :
(a) with regard to the provisions of this Convention, the implementation of which comes under the legal jurisdiciton of the federal or central legislative power, the obligations of the federal or central government shall be the same as for those State Parties which are not federal States;
(b) with regard to the provisions of this Convention, the implementation of which comes under the legal jurisdiciton of legal jurisdiction of individual constituent States, countries, provinces or cantons that are not obliged by the constitutional system of the federation to take legislative measures, the ffederal government shall inform the competent authorities of such State, countries, provinces or cantons of the siad provisions, wiith its recommendation for their adoption.
Article 35
1. Each State Party to this Convention may denounce the Convention.
2. The denunciation shall be notified by an instrument in writing, deposited with the Dorector-General off the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
3. The denuncation shall take effect twelve months after the reccipt of the instrument of denunciation. It shall not affect the financial abligations of the denouncing State until the date on which the withdrawal takes effect.
Article 36 The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall inform the States members of the Organization, the States not members of the Organization which are referred to in Article 322, as well as the United Nations, of the deposit of all the instruments off ratification, acceptance, or accession, movided for in Article 31 and 32 and of the denunciations provided for in Article 35.
Article 37
1. This Convention may be revised by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Any such revision shall, howeyer, bind only the States which shall become Parties to
the revising convention.
2. If the General Conference should adopt a new convention revising this Convention in whole or in part. than, unless the new convention otherwise provides, this Convention shall cease to be open to ratification, acceptance or accession as from tha date on which the new revising convention enters into force.
Article 38 In conformity with Article 102 of the Charter off the United Nations, this Convention shall be restered with the Secretatiat of the United Nations at the request of the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Done in Paris, this twenty-third day of November 1972, in two authentic copies bearing the signature of the President of the seventeenth session of the General Conference and of the Director-Geberal of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and certified true copies of which shall be delivered to all the States referred to in Article 31 and 32 as well as to the United Nations.
The foregoing is the authentic text of the Recommendation duly adopted by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization during its seventeenth session, which was held in Paris and declared closed on the twenty-first day November 111972. IN FAITH WHEREOF WE HAVE appended our signatures this twenty-third day of November 1972.